Design Methodology for Wireless Backhaul/Fronthaul Using Free Space Optics and Fibers

The recent increase in data rates for Free space optics (FSO) transmission technology, means they could be used designing the backhaul/fronthaul 5G and beyond cellular networks. flexibility cost-effectiveness provided by FSO are primary reasons mobile operators to investigate potential of technology as a backhaul/fronthaul. Unfortunately, reliability links is weather dependent, especially if link covers considerable distance. Optical fibers, on other hand, expensive but more reliable. Hence, optimally hybrid network consisting both fiber connections can bring well robustness fibers. In such design, important connected using fibers while with higher tolerance towards failure designed FSO. Therefore, this paper, we propose FSO/fiber backhaul/fronthauling methodology connecting wireless base stations (BSs) core. We first formulate mixed integer non-linear program (MINLP) determining number splitter/FSO distribution points required that provide connectivity BSs. MINLP identify locations splitters/FSO well. Thereafter, solve help particle swarm optimisation (PSO) linear programming (MILP) techniques. also derive heuristic solving MILP. Finally, another method splitters relatively shorter time: K-means cluster based method. results verify cost-effective conforming rate requirements links. proposal allows evaluation seamless design solution practical time-complexity.